For a time, he had to beg for money, but he eventually became one of the most widely read and highly regarded Russian writers.ĭostoevsky's body of work consists of thirteen novels, three novellas, seventeen short stories, and numerous other works. He began to travel around western Europe and developed a gambling addiction, which led to financial hardship. In the following years, Dostoevsky worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines of his own and later A Writer's Diary, a collection of his writings. He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile.
Dostoevsky was sentenced to death but the sentence was commuted at the last moment. However, he was arrested in 1849 for belonging to a literary group, the Petrashevsky Circle, that discussed banned books critical of Tsarist Russia. In the mid-1840s he wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg's literary circles.
After graduating, he worked as an engineer and briefly enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, translating books to earn extra money.
His mother died in 1837 when he was 15, and around the same time, he left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. īorn in Moscow in 1821, Dostoevsky was introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and through books by Russian and foreign authors. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). ĭostoevsky's literary works explore the human condition in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. Numerous literary critics regard him as one of the greatest novelists in all of world literature, as many of his works are considered highly influential masterpieces. Fyódor Mikháylovich Dostoyévskiy, IPA: ( listen) 11 November 1821 – 9 February 1881 ), sometimes transliterated as Dostoyevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist and journalist. Other transliteration systems for Russian The BGN/PCGN system for Russian was adopted by the BGN in 1944 and by the PCGN in 1947 for use in romanizing names written in the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Both are aimed at establishing and maintaining uniform usage of geographic names, and their standards have been agreed upon by both party as a joint adoption. The BGN/BGCN is a virtual committee formed by the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN), which is a United States federal body, and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (PCGN), an independent inter-departmental body for the use of the British government. Russian can be written in Latin alphabet or in Cyrillic alphabet. Official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Moldova, it also has the co-official status in other countries, and counts about 164 million speakers. Russian ( русский язык, transliterated as russkiy yazyk) belongs to the East Slavic group of the Indo-European family.
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